http://glottopedia.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Hanachronism&feedformat=atomGlottopedia - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T09:38:52ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.34.2http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Garden-path_sentence&diff=10907Garden-path sentence2010-07-25T14:30:44Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'A garden path sentence is one which leads initially to to a incorrect interpretation. Perhaps the most famous example of this is: *the horse ran past the barn fell The presenc...'</p>
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<div>A garden path sentence is one which leads initially to to a incorrect interpretation.<br />
<br />
Perhaps the most famous example of this is:<br />
<br />
*the horse ran past the barn fell<br />
<br />
The presence of the word 'fell' makes us go back and re-evaluate the sentence. This demonstrates the immediacy of interpretation when processing sentences.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category: psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Global_aphasia&diff=10906Global aphasia2010-07-25T14:25:26Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'Global aphasia is aphasia which affects all language functions. It is caused by damage to all of the langauge processing components which are situated in the frontal and temporal...'</p>
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<div>Global aphasia is aphasia which affects all language functions. It is caused by damage to all of the langauge processing components which are situated in the frontal and temporal lobes.<br />
<br />
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[[category: psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Portal:Psycholinguistics&diff=10905Portal:Psycholinguistics2010-07-25T14:23:23Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
<hr />
<div>This page will become the portal on '''psycholinguistics'''.<br />
<br />
If you would like to maintain this portal, please [[Glottopedia:Contact|contact]] the editors.<br />
<br />
Here is a list of the articles in [[:Category:Psycholinguistics]].<br />
<br />
Here is a list of topics under headings which will hopefully be added soon if they haven't been already:<br />
<br />
General:<br />
<br />
[[Aphasia]], [[Priming]], [[masked priming]], [[long lag priming]], [[broca's area]], [[wernicke's area]], [[acquired dyslexia]], [[chatterbox syndrome]], [[cognitive grammar]], [[competition model]], [[conducton aphasia]], [[connectionism]], [[constructivist view]], [[continuity view]], [[discontinuity view]], [[dyslexia]], [[fan effect]], [[immediacy of interpretation]], [[modularity]], [[informationally incapsulated]], [[interactive view]], [[language bioprogram hypothesis]], [[localization of function]], [[parallel distributed processing]], [[performance]], [[right-hemisphere syndrome]], [[sapir-whorf hypothesis]], [[split-brain patients]], [[specific language impairment]], [[surface dyslexia]], [[verbal efficiency theory]], [[williams syndrome]], [[global aphasia]]<br />
<br />
Visual Word Recognition:<br />
<br />
[[visual field]], [[saccades]], [[Word superiority effect]], [[Parallel letter detection]], [[Wickelcoding model]], [[MROM model]], [[open bigrams]], [[The Visual Word Form Area]], [[assembled route]], [[bigram frequency]], [[construction-integration theory]], [[deep dyslexia]], [[dual-route model]], [[fixations]]<br />
<br />
Spoken Word Recognition:<br />
<br />
[[lexical access]], [[mental lexicon]], [[speech shadowing]], [[cohort model]], [[neighbourhood access model]], [[cross-modal priming]], [[phoneme restoration]], [[perception boundaries]], [[trace model]], [[anomia]]<br />
<br />
Phonological Processing:<br />
<br />
[[phonological loop]]<br />
<br />
Speech Production and Perception:<br />
<br />
[[segmentation]], [[lack of invariance]], [[Categorical perception]], [[The acoustic theory]], [[the motor theory]], [[mcgurk effect]], [[sine-wave speech]], [[categorical perception]], [[consonant-vowel rule]], [[duplex perception]], [[fuzzy logic model of perception]], [[stranding error]], [[slip of the tounge]]<br />
<br />
Syntactic Processing:<br />
<br />
[[trace deletion hypothesis]], [[autonomous parsing]], [[interactive parsing]], [[Serial autonomous model]], [[Parallel autonomous model]], [[Violation paradigms]], [[Friederici model]], [[syntax-first model]], [[agrammatism]], [[garden-path sentence]], [[late closure]], [[minimal attachment]], [[syntactic category rule]], [[syntactic frame]], [[trace deletion hypothesis]]<br />
<br />
Morphological Processing:<br />
<br />
[[emergent morphology]], [[decomposition theory]], [[storage theory]], [[Stimulus Onset Asynchrony]], [[Dual mechanism theory]], [[Single mechanism storage theory]], [[Single mechanism composition theory]], [[wug testing]], [[blocking principle]]<br />
<br />
Pragmatic Processing:<br />
<br />
[[action sequences]], [[bridging inference]], [[illocutionary force]], [[instantiation]], [[local coherence]], [[mental model]], [[pre-sequences]], [[speech act]]<br />
<br />
Semantic Processing:<br />
<br />
[[semantic priming]], [[conceptual semantics]], [[semantic memory]], [[semantic primitives]]<br />
<br />
Language Acquisition:<br />
<br />
[[less-is-more hypothesis]], [[continuous theories]], [[discontinuity theories]], [[critical period]], [[matthew effect]], [[mutual exclusivity assumption]], [[overextension]], [[overregularization]], [[prosodic bootstrapping]], [[semantic bootstrapping]], [[syntactic bootstrapping]], [[reduplicated babbling]], [[subset principle]], [[taxonomic assumption]], [[underextension]], [[uniqueness principle]], [[variegated babbling]], [[whole object assumption]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Portal]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Conducton_aphasia&diff=10904Conducton aphasia2010-07-25T14:22:41Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'Conduction aphasics are unable to to repeat what they have just heard. This is due to the affected person having a disconnection between sound patterns and the production area. I...'</p>
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<div>Conduction aphasics are unable to to repeat what they have just heard. This is due to the affected person having a disconnection between sound patterns and the production area. It is caused by damage to the arcuate fasciculus.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category: psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Fuzzy_logic_model_of_perception&diff=10903Fuzzy logic model of perception2010-07-25T13:51:58Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'The Fuzzy Logic perception model was put forward by Massaro. It is based on the claim that categorical perception does not imply that people have a special module for pro...'</p>
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<div>The Fuzzy Logic perception model was put forward by Massaro. It is based on the claim that [[categorical perception]] does not imply that people have a special [[module]] for processing speech. It claims that categorical perception can be understood as a problem of classifying the features that are present in the accoustic pattern.<br />
<br />
Massaro claimed that speech is recognised in three stages:<br />
<br />
*evalution - speeck is analysed in terms of auditory and visual features (see [[mcgurk effect]])<br />
*integration - the feature information is integrated<br />
*decision - overall evidence is used to identify the speech sound<br />
<br />
[[category: psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Dual-route_model&diff=10901Dual-route model2010-07-25T13:34:53Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'The Dual-route model is the idea that people can use a direct route to the lexicon (printed word to meaning) when reading as well as an assembled route (printed route to sound to...'</p>
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<div>The Dual-route model is the idea that people can use a direct route to the lexicon (printed word to meaning) when reading as well as an assembled route (printed route to sound to meaning).<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category: psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Surface_dyslexia&diff=10900Surface dyslexia2010-07-25T13:27:59Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
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<div>Surface dyslexia is often the result of temporal lobe damage. It causes the subject to have to carefully sound out each word. This results in difficulty in recognising words with irregular spelling and, as a result, subjects are often slow at reading.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category: psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Acquired_dyslexia&diff=10899Acquired dyslexia2010-07-25T13:27:47Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
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<div>Acquired dyslexia is a disorder experienced by people who have lost some aspect of their reading ability as a result of brain damage. </b><br />
<br />
Acquired dyslexia is an umbrella term for many specific forms of [[dyslexia]] caused by brain damage. Some of these are listed below:<br />
<br />
* [[surface dyslexia]]<br />
* [[deep dyslexia]]<br />
<br />
[[category: psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Deep_dyslexia&diff=10898Deep dyslexia2010-07-25T13:27:25Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
<hr />
<div>Deep dyslexia is caused by damage to [[Broca's area]]. The affected person is unable to use spelling-to-sound correspondence to recognise words and as a result tt causes the subject to have difficulty reading [[funcitional words]] and infrequent words, and also sufferers cannot pronounce nonwords. Deep dyslexics often use strategies such as [[semantic substitution]] and also substitution of functional words.<br />
<br />
[[category: psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Deep_dyslexia&diff=10897Deep dyslexia2010-07-25T13:26:37Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'Deep dyslexia is caused by damage to Broca's area. The affected person is unable to use spelling-to-sound correspondence to recognise words and as a result tt causes the subj...'</p>
<hr />
<div>Deep dyslexia is caused by damage to [[Broca's area]]. The affected person is unable to use spelling-to-sound correspondence to recognise words and as a result tt causes the subject to have difficulty reading [[funcitional words]] and infrequent words, and also sufferers cannot pronounce nonwords. Deep dyslexics often use strategies such as [[semantic substitution]] and also substitution of functional words.</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Surface_dyslexia&diff=10896Surface dyslexia2010-07-25T13:20:52Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'Surface dyslexia is often the result of temporal lobe damage. It causes the subject to have to carefully sound out each word. This results in difficulty in recognising words with...'</p>
<hr />
<div>Surface dyslexia is often the result of temporal lobe damage. It causes the subject to have to carefully sound out each word. This results in difficulty in recognising words with irregular spelling and, as a result, subjects are often slow at reading.</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Acquired_dyslexia&diff=10895Acquired dyslexia2010-07-25T13:17:10Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'Acquired dyslexia is a disorder experienced by people who have lost some aspect of their reading ability as a result of brain damage. </b> Acquired dyslexia is an umbrella term ...'</p>
<hr />
<div>Acquired dyslexia is a disorder experienced by people who have lost some aspect of their reading ability as a result of brain damage. </b><br />
<br />
Acquired dyslexia is an umbrella term for many specific forms of [[dyslexia]] caused by brain damage. Some of these are listed below:<br />
<br />
* [[surface dyslexia]]<br />
* [[deep dyslexia]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Hanachronism&diff=10894User:Hanachronism2010-07-25T12:44:52Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
<hr />
<div>Hannah Little<br /><br />
Academic affilliation: MSc student at The University of Edinburgh in The Evolution of Language and Cognition. <br /><br />
<br />
[http://www.replicatedtypo.com/authors/hannah-little/ Profile on Replicated typo]<br /><br />
[http://twitter.com/hanachronism Twitter]<br /><br />
[http://www.delicious.com/hannahlittle Delicious]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Hanachronism&diff=10893User:Hanachronism2010-07-25T12:44:36Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
<hr />
<div>Hannah Little<br />
Academic affilliation: MSc student at The University of Edinburgh in The Evolution of Language and Cognition. <br />
<br />
[http://www.replicatedtypo.com/authors/hannah-little/ Profile on Replicated typo]<br /><br />
[http://twitter.com/hanachronism Twitter]<br /><br />
[http://www.delicious.com/hannahlittle Delicious]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Portal:Psycholinguistics&diff=10892Portal:Psycholinguistics2010-07-25T12:43:04Z<p>Hanachronism: added more titles for pages to be added</p>
<hr />
<div>This page will become the portal on '''psycholinguistics'''.<br />
<br />
If you would like to maintain this portal, please [[Glottopedia:Contact|contact]] the editors.<br />
<br />
Here is a list of the articles in [[:Category:Psycholinguistics]].<br />
<br />
Here is a list of topics under headings which will hopefully be added soon if they haven't been already:<br />
<br />
General:<br />
<br />
[[Aphasia]], [[Priming]], [[masked priming]], [[long lag priming]], [[broca's area]], [[wernicke's area]], [[acquired dyslexia]], [[chatterbox syndrome]], [[cognitive grammar]], [[competition model]], [[conducton aphasia]], [[connectionism]], [[constructivist view]], [[continuity view]], [[discontinuity view]], [[dyslexia]], [[fan effect]], [[immediacy of interpretation]], [[modularity]], [[informationally incapsulated]], [[interactive view]], [[language bioprogram hypothesis]], [[localization of function]], [[parallel distributed processing]], [[performance]], [[right-hemisphere syndrome]], [[sapir-whorf hypothesis]], [[split-brain patients]], [[specific language impairment]], [[surface dyslexia]], [[verbal efficiency theory]], [[williams syndrome]]<br />
<br />
Visual Word Recognition:<br />
<br />
[[visual field]], [[saccades]], [[Word superiority effect]], [[Parallel letter detection]], [[Wickelcoding model]], [[MROM model]], [[open bigrams]], [[The Visual Word Form Area]], [[assembled route]], [[bigram frequency]], [[construction-integration theory]], [[deep dyslexia]], [[dual-route model]], [[fixations]]<br />
<br />
Spoken Word Recognition:<br />
<br />
[[lexical access]], [[mental lexicon]], [[speech shadowing]], [[cohort model]], [[neighbourhood access model]], [[cross-modal priming]], [[phoneme restoration]], [[perception boundaries]], [[trace model]], [[anomia]]<br />
<br />
Phonological Processing:<br />
<br />
[[phonological loop]]<br />
<br />
Speech Production and Perception:<br />
<br />
[[segmentation]], [[lack of invariance]], [[Categorical perception]], [[The acoustic theory]], [[the motor theory]], [[mcgurk effect]], [[sine-wave speech]], [[categorical perception]], [[consonant-vowel rule]], [[duplex perception]], [[fuzzy logic model of perception]], [[stranding error]], [[slip of the tounge]]<br />
<br />
Syntactic Processing:<br />
<br />
[[trace deletion hypothesis]], [[autonomous parsing]], [[interactive parsing]], [[Serial autonomous model]], [[Parallel autonomous model]], [[Violation paradigms]], [[Friederici model]], [[syntax-first model]], [[agrammatism]], [[garden-path sentence]], [[late closure]], [[minimal attachment]], [[syntactic category rule]], [[syntactic frame]], [[trace deletion hypothesis]]<br />
<br />
Morphological Processing:<br />
<br />
[[emergent morphology]], [[decomposition theory]], [[storage theory]], [[Stimulus Onset Asynchrony]], [[Dual mechanism theory]], [[Single mechanism storage theory]], [[Single mechanism composition theory]], [[wug testing]], [[blocking principle]]<br />
<br />
Pragmatic Processing:<br />
<br />
[[action sequences]], [[bridging inference]], [[illocutionary force]], [[instantiation]], [[local coherence]], [[mental model]], [[pre-sequences]], [[speech act]]<br />
<br />
Semantic Processing:<br />
<br />
[[semantic priming]], [[conceptual semantics]], [[semantic memory]], [[semantic primitives]]<br />
<br />
Language Acquisition:<br />
<br />
[[less-is-more hypothesis]], [[continuous theories]], [[discontinuity theories]], [[critical period]], [[matthew effect]], [[mutual exclusivity assumption]], [[overextension]], [[overregularization]], [[prosodic bootstrapping]], [[semantic bootstrapping]], [[syntactic bootstrapping]], [[reduplicated babbling]], [[subset principle]], [[taxonomic assumption]], [[underextension]], [[uniqueness principle]], [[variegated babbling]], [[whole object assumption]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Portal]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Dual_mechanism_theory&diff=10884Dual mechanism theory2010-07-25T00:42:59Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
<hr />
<div>The Dual Mechanism theory also known as the "words and rules" theory was summarised in [[Steven Pinker]]'s book of the same name.<br />
<br />
It is the theory that regular past tense verbs are generated by rules and the irregular [[past tense]] verbs are stored in the [[lexicon]].<br />
<br />
In more explicit neurological terms that is that Regulars are generated in the [[Left interior frontal lobe]] which supports rules, and irregulars are stored in the [[Temporal lobe]] which houses the lexicon.<br />
<br />
This theory is backed up by evidence from aphasics with damage in one of the two areas listed above having difficulty with either the regulars or irregulars depending on the area damaged.<br />
<br />
Crossmodal priming data (Marslen-Wilson, 1993) also stands up to the dual mechanism theory as facilitation occurs with the regular verbs but not the irregular ones.<br />
<br />
Marslen-Wilson & Tyler (1998), however, showed that both regulars and irregulars pattern with [[repetition priming]].<br />
<br />
[[Wug-testing]] also shows that both regular and irregular past tense forms are [[productive]]. (Albright and Hayes, 2003)<br />
<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
Albright, A, and Hayes, B P. 2003. Rules vs. analogy in English past tenses: a computational/experimental study. Cognition 90:119-161<br />
<br />
Marslen-Wilson, W. D. 1993. Issues of process and representation in lexical access. In G. T. Altmann & R. ShiUcock (Eds.), Cognitive models of speech processing: The second Sperlonga meeting (pp. 187-210). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.<br />
<br />
Marslen-Wilson, W. D., & Tyler, L. K. 1998. Rules, representations, and the English past tense. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2(11), 428-435.<br />
<br />
Pinker, S. 1999. Words and Rules: The Ingredients of Language. Basic Books<br />
<br />
[[category: psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Dual_mechanism_theory&diff=10883Dual mechanism theory2010-07-25T00:41:54Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'The Dual Mechanism theory also known as the "words and rules" theory was summarised in Steven Pinker's book of the same name. It is the theory that regular past tense verbs ...'</p>
<hr />
<div>The Dual Mechanism theory also known as the "words and rules" theory was summarised in [[Steven Pinker]]'s book of the same name.<br />
<br />
It is the theory that regular past tense verbs are generated by rules and the irregular [[past tense]] verbs are stored in the [[lexicon]].<br />
<br />
In more explicit neurological terms that is that Regulars are generated in the [[Left interior frontal lobe]] which supports rules, and irregulars are stored in the [[Temporal lobe]] which houses the lexicon.<br />
<br />
This theory is backed up by evidence from aphasics with damage in one of the two areas listed above having difficulty with either the regulars or irregulars depending on the area damaged.<br />
<br />
Crossmodal priming data (Marslen-Wilson, 1993) also stands up to the dual mechanism theory as facilitation occurs with the regular verbs but not the irregular ones.<br />
<br />
Marslen-Wilson & Tyler (1998), however, showed that both regulars and irregulars pattern with [[repetition priming]].<br />
<br />
[[Wug-testing]] also shows that both regular and irregular past tense forms are [[productive]]. (Albright and Hayes, 2003)<br />
<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
Albright, A, and Hayes, B P. 2003. Rules vs. analogy in English past tenses: a computational/experimental study. Cognition 90:119-161<br />
<br />
Marslen-Wilson, W. D. 1993. Issues of process and representation in lexical access. In G. T. Altmann & R. ShiUcock (Eds.), Cognitive models of speech processing: The second Sperlonga meeting (pp. 187-210). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.<br />
<br />
Marslen-Wilson, W. D., & Tyler, L. K. 1998. Rules, representations, and the English past tense. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2(11), 428-435.<br />
<br />
Pinker, S. 1999. Words and Rules: The Ingredients of Language. Basic Books</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Categorical_perception&diff=10882Categorical perception2010-07-25T00:18:50Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
<hr />
<div>In phonetics, the mechanism of '''categorical perception''' enables listeners to focus on distinctive acoustic features in speech. <br />
<br />
===Example===<br />
the difference between the phonemes /d/ and /t/ in 'bead' and 'beat'<br />
<br />
===Comments===<br />
Furthermore, the mechanism enables listeners to ignore irrelevant acoustic differences, such as differences in pronunciation when two different speakers produce the same word. Categorical perception is acquired as part of the acquisition of the native language. The listeners learns to be sensitive to differences between phoneme categories and, at the same time, to be less sensitive to differences within a [[phoneme]] category.<br />
<br />
===Links===<br />
*[http://www2.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Categorical+perception&lemmacode=1146 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics] <br />
*[http://www.ling.umu.se/~anderse/education/Katper.html A short tutorial and experiment on categorical perception]<br />
*[http://www-uilots.let.uu.nl/~audiufon/data/categorische_perceptie.html Audiodemonstrations categorical perception] <br />
<br />
===Reference===<br />
Schouten, M.E.H. & van Hessen, A.J. 1992. Modeling phoneme perception. I: Categorical Perception. ''Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 92'' (4), 1841-1855.<br />
<br />
<br />
{{dc}}<br />
[[Category:Phonetics]]<br />
[[Category:Psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Cohort_model&diff=10880Cohort model2010-07-25T00:18:12Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
<hr />
<div>In phonetics, a '''cohort model''' is a theory of auditory word recognition. <br />
<br />
===Comments===<br />
When the first 200 ms of a word is heard, a cohort of possible word candidates is activated. When more of the word becomes audible, candidates that no longer match the incoming information are deactivated, until only one candidate remains. This model is a strictly bottom-up model in that candidates can only be activated on the basis of acoustic information, not on the basis of e.g. context information (Marslen-Wilson 1984). The later hybrid versions of the cohort model allowed context to play a role during the later stages of word recognition whereas the initial stage remained autonomous (i.e. uninfluenced by e.g. sentence context). The latest version is the distributed Cohort model (Gaskell & Marslen-Wilson 1997). In this model, lexical units are points in a multidimensional space, represented by vectors of phonological and semantic output nodes. The phonological nodes contain information about the [[phoneme]]s in a word, whereas the semantic nodes contain information about the [[meaning]] of the words. The speech input maps directly and continuously onto this lexical knowledge. As more bottom-up information comes in, the network moves towards a point in lexical space corresponding to the presented word. Activation of a word candidate is thus inversely related to the distance between the output of the network and the word representation in lexical space. A constraining sentence context functions as a bias: the network shifts through the lexical space in the direction of the lexical hypotheses that fit the context. However, there is little advantage of a contextually appropriate word over its competitors early on in the processing of a word. Only later, when a small number of candidates still fits the sensory input, context starts to affect the activation levels of the remaining candidates more significantly. There is also a mechanism of bottom-up inhibition, which means that in case the incoming sensory information no longer fits that of the candidate, the effects of the sentence context are overridden.<br />
<br />
===Link===<br />
[http://www2.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Cohort+model&lemmacode=1152 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics] <br />
<br />
===References===<br />
*Gaskell, M.G. & Marslen-Wilson, W.D. 1997. ''Integrating form and meaning: A distributed model of speech perception, Language and Cognitive Processes 12'', 613-656.<br />
*Marslen-Wilson, W.D. 1984. Function and process in spoken word recognition. In ''Attention and Performance X: Control of Language Processes,'' 125-150. Bouma, H. & Bouwhuis, D. (eds.), Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.<br />
<br />
<br />
{{dc}}<br />
[[Category:Phonetics]]<br />
[[Category:Psycholinguistics]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Hanachronism&diff=10879User:Hanachronism2010-07-25T00:09:07Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with '[http://www.replicatedtypo.com/authors/hannah-little/ Profile on Replicated typo]<br /> [http://twitter.com/hanachronism Twitter]<br /> [http://www.delicious.com/hannahlittle Del...'</p>
<hr />
<div>[http://www.replicatedtypo.com/authors/hannah-little/ Profile on Replicated typo]<br /><br />
[http://twitter.com/hanachronism Twitter]<br /><br />
[http://www.delicious.com/hannahlittle Delicious]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Portal:Psycholinguistics&diff=10878Portal:Psycholinguistics2010-07-24T22:52:45Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
<hr />
<div>This page will become the portal on '''psycholinguistics'''.<br />
<br />
If you would like to maintain this portal, please [[Glottopedia:Contact|contact]] the editors.<br />
<br />
Here is a list of the articles in [[:Category:Psycholinguistics]].<br />
<br />
Here is a list of topics under headings which will hopefully be added soon if they haven't been already:<br />
<br />
General:<br />
<br />
[[Aphasia]], [[Priming]], [[masked priming]], [[long-lag priming]], [[broca's area]], [[wernicke's area]]<br />
<br />
Visual Word Recognition:<br />
<br />
[[visual field]], [[saccades]], [[Word superiority effect]], [[Parallel letter detection]], [[Wickelcoding model]], [[MROM model]], [[open bigrams]], [[The Visual Word Form Area]]<br />
<br />
Spoken Word Recognition:<br />
<br />
[[lexical access]], [[mental lexicon]], [[speech shadowing]], [[cohort model]], [[neighbourhood access model]], [[cross-modal priming]], [[phoneme restoration]], [[perception boundaries]], [[trace model]]<br />
<br />
Speech Perception:<br />
<br />
[[segmentation]], [[lack of invariance]], [[Categorical perception]], [[The acoustic theory]], [[the motor theory]], [[mcgurk effect]], [[sine-wave speech]]<br />
<br />
Phonological Processing:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Syntactic Processing:<br />
<br />
[[trace deletion hypothesis]], [[autonomous parsing]], [[interactive parsing]], [[Serial autonomous model]], [[Parallel autonomous model]], [[Violation paradigms]], [[Friederici model]], [[syntax-first model]]<br />
<br />
Morphological Processing:<br />
<br />
[[emergent morphology]], [[decomposition theory]], [[storage theory]], [[Stimulus Onset Asynchrony]], [[Dual mechanism theory]], [[Single mechanism storage theory]], [[Single mechanism composition theory]], [[wug testing]]<br />
<br />
Pragmatic Processing:<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Semantic Processing:<br />
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[[semantic priming]]<br />
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[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Portal]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Portal:Psycholinguistics&diff=10877Portal:Psycholinguistics2010-07-24T22:50:02Z<p>Hanachronism: </p>
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<div>This page will become the portal on '''psycholinguistics'''.<br />
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If you would like to maintain this portal, please [[Glottopedia:Contact|contact]] the editors.<br />
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Here is a list of the articles in [[:Category:Psycholinguistics]].<br />
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Here is a list of topics under headings which will hopefully be added soon if they haven't been already:<br />
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General:<br />
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[[Aphasia]], [[Priming]], [[masked priming]], [[long-lag priming]], [[broca's area]], [wernicke's area]]<br />
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Visual Word Recognition:<br />
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[[visual field]], [[saccades]], [[Word superiority effect]], [[Parallel letter detection]], Wickelcoding model]], [[MROM model]], [[open bigrams]], [[The Visual Word Form Area]]<br />
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Spoken Word Recognition:<br />
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[[lexical access]], [[mental lexicon]], [[speech shadowing]], [[cohort model]], [[neighbourhood access model]], [[cross-modal priming]], [[phoneme restoration]], [[perception boundaries]], [[trace model]]<br />
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Speech Perception:<br />
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[[segmentation]], [[lack of invariance]], [[Categorical perception]], [[The acoustic theory]], [[the motor theory]], [[mcgurk effect]], [[sine-wave speech]]<br />
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Phonological Processing:<br />
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Syntactic Processing:<br />
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[[trace deletion hypothesis]], [[autonomous parsing]], [[interactive parsing]], [[Serial autonomous model]], [[Parallel autonomous model]], [[Violation paradigms]], [[Friederici model]], [[syntax-first model]]<br />
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Morphological Processing:<br />
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[[emergent morphology]], [[decomposition theory]], [[storage theory]], [[Stimulus Onset Asynchrony]], [[Dual mechanism theory]], [[Single mechanism storage theory]], [[Single mechanism composition theory]], [[wug testing]]<br />
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Pragmatic Processing:<br />
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Semantic Processing:<br />
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[[semantic priming]]<br />
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[[Category:En]]<br />
[[Category:Portal]]</div>Hanachronismhttp://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Allophone&diff=10876Allophone2010-07-24T21:58:47Z<p>Hanachronism: Created page with 'An allophone is a conditioned realisation of the same phoneme. Allophones can be complementary allophones which are distributed throughout speech predictably and with re...'</p>
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<div>An allophone is a conditioned realisation of the same [[phoneme]].<br />
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Allophones can be [[complementary allophones]] which are distributed throughout speech predictably and with regards to the phonetic environment.<br />
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An example of this is in English if a word has a [p] in initial position followed by a vowel then it will be realised with aspiration [pʰ], as in the word 'pin', however if it appears word internally, as in 'spin', finally, as in 'cap', or followed by a consonant, as in 'print', it will not have this aspiration.<br />
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Allophones can also be [[free variants]].<br />
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Whether something is an allophone or a phoneme within a language can affect the phonological [[perceptual boundary]]. Kazanina et al. (2006) did a study on [[Russian]] and [[Korean]] speakers' perception of [t] and [d]. In Russian there is phonemic contrast beween [t] and [d] and in Korean they are allophones of the same phoneme. The study found that there was a mismatch field (MMF) in a MEG scan when the subjects were presented with each token. In the Korean speaker no mismatch field was present, however in the Russian speakers there was.<br />
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References<br />
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Kazanina, N., Phillips, C., & Idsardi, W. (2006). The Influence of Meaning on the Perception of Speech Sound Contrasts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 103, 11381-11386. <br />
(http://nk.psy.bris.ac.uk/Papers/kazanina-phillips-idsardi_PNAS_2006_reprint.pdf)</div>Hanachronism