Luo: from Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics

2008-01-29T13:06:01Z

from Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics

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'''Analogy''' refers to a diachronic process which changes words after the model of other forms.

===Examples===
In Gothic, the [[stem]] of the noun meaning 'foot' is a so-called ''u''-stem, i.e. a stem ending in a [[suffix]] ''-u'', although originally this stem did not end in a suffix ''-u''. Compare the nominative singular of the non-''u''-stem foot in Latin (''pe:s''), Ancient Greek (''pó:s''), Sanskrit (''pá:t''), and Gothic (''fotus'') with the nom.sg. of the ''u''-stem ''son'' in Ancient Greek (''hui&oacutes''), Sanskrit (''su:n&uacutes'') and Gothic (''sunus''). The diachronic account of this class shift runs as follows. Historically, the accusative ending ''-m'' was syllabic after consonant-final roots. By a regular sound change this syllabic /m/ became ''-um'' in Germanic. Hence, the accusative of foot became ''fot-um''. The result of this change was that the accusative fotum became indistinguishable from the accusative of u-stems (e.g. sunum), although their underlying morphological structure was different: ''fot-um'' vs. ''sun-u-m''. If one assumes that the [[accusative]] ''fot-um'' is reanalyzed as ''fot-u-m'', the change ''*fot > fotus'' (nom.sg.) can be schematized as ''sun-u-m:sun-u-s = fot-u-m:X'', where X is ''fot-u-s''.

===Link===
[http://www2.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Analogy&lemmacode=1018 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]

===References===
*Beekes, R. 1990. ''Vergelijkende taalwetenschap: een inleiding in de vergelijkende Indo-europese taalwetenschap.'' Het Spectrum, Utrecht.
*Kiparsky, P. 1974. Remarks on Analogical Change, reprinted in Kiparsky, P. 1982. ''Explanation in Phonology.'' Foris, Dordrecht.
*Kiparsky, P. 1970. Historical Linguistics, reprinted in Kiparsky, P. 1982. ''Explanation in Phonology.'' Foris, Dordrecht.
*Kiparsky, P. 1968. Linguistic Universals and Linguistic Change, reprinted in Kiparsky, P. 1982. ''Explanation in Phonology.'' Foris, Dordrecht.
*Kiparsky, P. 1965. Phonological Change. PhD diss. MIT Cambridge Mass., reproduced by IULC Bloomington, Indiana.

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[[Category:Phonetics and Phonology]]

Analogy - Revision history

Luo: from Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics