Speech-act participant: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:40, 1 April 2008

Speech-act participant (abbreviated SAP) refers to 1st or 2nd person to the exclusion of 3rd person.

Example

Certain subsystems of a language’s grammar are sensitive to speech-act participants. (They do not distinguish between 1st or 2nd person, but contrast them both with third person (non-speech-act participant).)

In Sahaptin, the ergative case appears on 3rd person nouns only if the object is a speech-act participant (Rude 1997):

ɨwínš-nɨm=naš	i-q̓ínun-a
man-ERG=1SG	3nom-see-PST
The man saw me.

ɨwínš-nɨm=am	i-q̓ínun-a
man-ERG=2SG	3nom-see-PST
The man saw you.

If the object is not a speech-act participant, the 3rd person noun may not be marked by ergative case:

ɨwínš	i-q̓ínun-a	miyánaš-na
man	3nom-see-PST	child-ACC
The man saw the child.
(ɨwínš-nɨm i-q̓ínun-a miyánaš-na)*

Synonym

Local (e.g. Andrews 1985)

References

Andrews, Avery. 1985. The major functions of the noun phrase. In Language Typology and syntactic description, vol. 1. Clause structure, ed. by Timothy Shopen, pp. 62–154
Rude, Noel. 1997. On the history of nominal case in Sahaptian. In International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 63, No. 1. University of Chicago Press, pp. 113–143

Other languages

German Sprechaktteilnehmer

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Definition ==
 '''Speech-act participant''' (abbreviated SAP) refers to 1st or 2nd person to the exclusion of 3rd person.
-== Example ==
+=== Example ===
 Certain subsystems of a language’s grammar are sensitive to speech-act participants. (They do not distinguish between 1st or 2nd person, but contrast them both with third person (non-speech-act participant).)
-In [[Sahaptin]], the [[ergative]] case appears on 3rd person nouns only if the object is a speech-act participant (Rude 1997):
+In [[Sahaptin]], the [[ergative case]] appears on 3rd person nouns only if the object is a speech-act participant (Rude 1997):
 {|
@@ Line 29: / Line 27: @@
 |-
 |}
 If the object is not a speech-act participant, the 3rd person noun may not be marked by ergative case:
@@ Line 45: / Line 42: @@
 |}
+=== Synonym ===
-== Comment ==
+[[Local]] (e.g. Andrews 1985)
-In some literature (e.g. Andrews 1985), the term [[local]] is used for the speech-act participant.
-== Origin ==
-== Synonyms ==
+=== References ===
-[[Local]]
+*Andrews, Avery. 1985. The major functions of the noun phrase. In ''Language Typology and syntactic description,'' vol. 1. ''Clause structure,'' ed. by Timothy Shopen, pp. 62–154
+*Rude, Noel. 1997. On the history of nominal case in Sahaptian. In ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', Vol. 63, No. 1. University of Chicago Press, pp. 113–143
-== References ==
+===Other languages===
-Andrews, Avery. 1985. The major functions of the noun phrase. In ''Language Typology and syntactic description,'' vol. 1. ''Clause structure,'' ed. by Timothy Shopen, pp. 62–154
+German [[Sprechaktteilnehmer]]
-Rude, Noel. 1997. On the history of nominal case in Sahaptian. In ''International Journal of American Linguistics'', Vol. 63, No. 1. University of Chicago Press, pp. 113–143
+{{dc}}
+[[Category:General]]