Glottopedia:Wörterbuchartikel/Termini
Die Wörterbuchartikel in Glottopedia erläutern sprachwissenschaftliche Fachbegriffe. Ein solcher Fachbegriff ist ein feststehender Ausdruck mit einer fachspezifischen, in diesem Fall also sprachwissenschaftlichen Bedeutung. Diese Seite erläutert detailliert, welche Fachbegriffe Gegenstand von Glottopedia-Artikeln sein können, und welche Konventionen bei der Wahl der Artikelnamen berücksichtigt werden sollten.
Contents
Feststehende Ausdrücke
Da es sich bei den folgenden Termini nicht um feststehende Ausdrücke handelt, eignen sie sich nicht als Gegenstand von Wörterbuchartikeln:
- akkusativ Plural, zweistelliges Adjektiv, etc.
Natürlich müssen Fachbegriffe nicht aus einem einzelnen Wort bestehen. Häufig anzutreffen sind Nomen-Nomen Kombinationen (surface structure) und Adjektiv-Nomen Kombinationen (distributives Numeral); aber auch komplexer Ausdrücke sind möglich.
Sprachwissenschaftliche Fachausdrücke
Da es sich um Termini mit peculiar to linguistics, eigthe following technical terms would not be suitable for dictionary entries:
- Occam's Razor, corollary, principle, generalization, petitio principii
However, there are of course many technical terms that are used outside linguistics but have a peculiar meaning inside lingistics. These are suitable for dictionary articles, e.g.:
Wortarten
Technical terms of linguistics are overwhelmingly nouns. However, there are also adjectival technical terms (e.g. velar, syntagmatic, stative), and verbal technical terms (e.g. to ellipt).
In many cases, there are closely related nouns and adjectives, and sometimes also verbs, e.g. adjective/adjectival, phonology/phonological, synonym/synonymous, passivization/to passivize. Where there is no meaning difference between the different parts of speech, only one (the most prominent one) should be regarded as a technical term, and the others should be briefly listed under Term properties. See adjective, phonology, passivization. The non-prominent derived terms should be related to the main entries by redirects.
Behandlung homonymer Termini
In traditional lexicography, homonyms are distinguished by number diacritics (e.g. case(1), case(2)). Glottopedia, like Wikipedia, only uses descriptive distinguishers, added in parentheses. Such distinguishers may be of the following types:
- indicating a domain of use, such as a subfield of linguistics, a particular approach, or a particular language or family of languages (e.g. term (in logic) vs. term (in relational grammar), emphasis (in phonetics))
- giving a synonym (e.g. borrowing (i.e. loanword) vs. borrowing (i.e. copying))
If one of the hononyms is much more prominent than the others, it may have no distinguisher (e.g. case vs. case (in generative syntax), polysynthesis vs. polysynthesis (in Mark Baker's work)).
Behandlung synonymer Termini
Unlike Wikipedia, which has only survey articles and therefore does not have different articles on terms that have basically the same meaning, Glottopedia often has separate articles for synonymous terms (e.g. subordinator and subordinating conjunction).
Disambiguation pages
Disambiguation pages are often helpful when there is not one use of a term that is significantly more prominent than others (see, e.g., borrowing).
Disambiguation pages may also be set up for words that do not occur as terms of their own, but only as parts of terms (see, e.g., free, weak).
Weiterleitungen
Glottopedia verwendet Weiterleitungen nur for term variants which are so similar that a separate article on both of them is superfluous. This concerns spelling variants (e.g. code-switching redirects to codeswitching), part-of-speech variants (e.g. elliptical redirects to ellipsis, genericity redirects to generic), abbreviations (e.g. HPSG redirects to Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar), and individual terms that are parts of term pairs (e.g. unmarked redirects to marked and unmarked).
Begriffspaare
In vielen Fälle bilden zwei Termini ein Begriffspaar, so dass selten einer von beiden verwendet wird, ohne dass auch der andere erwähnt wird und es kaum möglich scheint, einen von ihnen zu definieren und erläutern, ohne auch auf den anderen Bezug zu nehmen (z.B. langue und parole). Solche Begriffspaare sollten in einem Artikel erläutert werden (vgl. langue und parole).
