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Formative - Revision history
2024-03-29T09:40:24Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
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http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Formative&diff=5228&oldid=prev
Haspelmath at 12:21, 11 January 2008
2008-01-11T12:21:22Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:21, 11 January 2008</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l22" >Line 22:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The term ''formative'' was introduced by Karl Brugmann (see Brugmann 1908), as a replacement for ''suffix'', which he thought had unwanted diachronic connotations (Latin ''suffixum'' originally means 'attached element' and might suggest that such an element arose from a previously free word by diachronic aglutination).</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The term ''formative'' was introduced by Karl Brugmann (see Brugmann 1908), as a replacement for ''suffix'', which he thought had unwanted diachronic connotations (Latin ''suffixum'' originally means 'attached element' and might suggest that such an element arose from a previously free word by diachronic aglutination).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Reference</del>===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">References</ins>===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Brugmann, Karl. 1908. Formans oder Formativum? ''Indogermanische Forschungen'' 22:69-72.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Brugmann, Karl. 1908. Formans oder Formativum? ''Indogermanische Forschungen'' 22:69-72.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*{{:Chomsky & Halle 1968}}</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*{{:Chomsky & Halle 1968}}</div></td></tr>
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Haspelmath
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Formative&diff=5226&oldid=prev
Haspelmath at 12:20, 11 January 2008
2008-01-11T12:20:01Z
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<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:20, 11 January 2008</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A '''formative''' is a exponent of a [[morpheme]]. Formatives comprise not anly [[affixes]], [[phrasal affixes]] and [[particles]] but also non-concatenative changes like [[umlaut]], [[tone]] or [[stress]] change, deletion of one or more segments, [[consonant mutation]] and the like. </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A '''formative''' is a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[</ins>exponent<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]] </ins>of a [[morpheme]]. Formatives comprise not anly [[affixes]], [[phrasal affixes]] and [[particles]] but also non-concatenative changes like [[umlaut]], [[tone]] or [[stress]] change, deletion of one or more segments, [[consonant mutation]] and the like<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">The term became well-known in the 1960s through its use in Chomsky & Halle (1968)</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Examples ===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Examples ===</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Reference===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Reference===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Brugmann, Karl. 1908. Formans oder Formativum? ''Indogermanische Forschungen'' 22:69-72.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*Brugmann, Karl. 1908. Formans oder Formativum? ''Indogermanische Forschungen'' 22:69-72.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">*{{:Chomsky & Halle 1968}}</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===other languages===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===other languages===</div></td></tr>
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Haspelmath
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Formative&diff=2174&oldid=prev
Linguipedia: New page: A '''formative''' is a exponent of a morpheme. Formatives comprise not anly affixes, phrasal affixes and particles but also non-concatenative changes like umlaut, [[ton...
2007-07-11T18:06:14Z
<p>New page: A '''formative''' is a exponent of a <a href="/index.php/Morpheme" title="Morpheme">morpheme</a>. Formatives comprise not anly <a href="/index.php/Affixes" title="Affixes">affixes</a>, <a href="/index.php?title=Phrasal_affixes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phrasal affixes (page does not exist)">phrasal affixes</a> and <a href="/index.php?title=Particles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Particles (page does not exist)">particles</a> but also non-concatenative changes like <a href="/index.php/Umlaut" title="Umlaut">umlaut</a>, [[ton...</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>A '''formative''' is a exponent of a [[morpheme]]. Formatives comprise not anly [[affixes]], [[phrasal affixes]] and [[particles]] but also non-concatenative changes like [[umlaut]], [[tone]] or [[stress]] change, deletion of one or more segments, [[consonant mutation]] and the like. <br />
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=== Examples ===<br />
<br />
English plural morpheme is the formative ''-s'' like in ''cat-s'' (cat+PL).<br />
<br />
One of the German plural morphemes consist of the formative ''-e'' plus the [[umlaut]] of the stem vowel like in ''Stühl-e'' (Stuhl+PL) ‘chairs’. (Such morphemes are called [[simulfix]]es.)<br />
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A [[circumfix]] can be seen as consisting of two formatives: a [[prefix]] and a [[suffix]].<br />
<br />
The German clause negation particle ''nicht'' is a formative. Despite its syntactical separation from V<sup>0</sup> grammatically (morphologically) it is a part of the verb inflection.<br />
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=== Subtypes ===<br />
<br />
* [[Affix]]<br />
* [[Particle]]<br />
<br />
===Origin===<br />
<br />
The term ''formative'' was introduced by Karl Brugmann (see Brugmann 1908), as a replacement for ''suffix'', which he thought had unwanted diachronic connotations (Latin ''suffixum'' originally means 'attached element' and might suggest that such an element arose from a previously free word by diachronic aglutination).<br />
<br />
===Reference===<br />
*Brugmann, Karl. 1908. Formans oder Formativum? ''Indogermanische Forschungen'' 22:69-72.<br />
<br />
===other languages===<br />
German [[Formativ]]<br />
<br />
{{dc}}<br />
[[Category:Morphology]]</div>
Linguipedia