Difference between revisions of "Macroparadigm"
Haspelmath (talk | contribs) |
Haspelmath (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
Compare the following three [[Hungarian]] verbal paradigms: | Compare the following three [[Hungarian]] verbal paradigms: | ||
| − | stem olvas 'read' ül 'sit' mond 'say' | + | stem olvas 'read' ül 'sit' mond 'say' |
| − | 1 sg. olvas-ok ül-ök mond-ok | + | 1 sg. olvas-ok ül-ök mond-ok |
| − | 2 sg. olvas-ol ül-sz mond-asz | + | 2 sg. olvas-ol ül-sz mond-asz |
| − | 3 sg. olvas ül mond | + | 3 sg. olvas ül mond |
| − | 1 pl. olvas-unk ül-ünk mond-unk | + | 1 pl. olvas-unk ül-ünk mond-unk |
| − | 2 pl. olvas-tok ül-tök mond-otok | + | 2 pl. olvas-tok ül-tök mond-otok |
| − | 3 pl. olvas-nak ül-nek mond-anak | + | 3 pl. olvas-nak ül-nek mond-anak |
| − | ('s' = [s], 'sz' = [s]) | + | ('s' = [s], 'sz' = [s]) |
Carstairs assumes that these three verbs belong to the same macroparadigm, since the variation is fully predictable. First, stems with [[back vowel]]s (''olvas, mond'') select back vowel suffixes (''-ok, -unk''), while verb stems with [[front vowel]]s select front vowels. This variation is due to a rule of [[vowel harmony]]. Second, if a consonant cluster of three members arises this is split up by an [[epenthetic vowel]]. Third, in the 2sg. form a stem ending in a [[sibilant]] takes the suffix ''-ol/-el'', while other stems take ''-sz'' (or a variant). | Carstairs assumes that these three verbs belong to the same macroparadigm, since the variation is fully predictable. First, stems with [[back vowel]]s (''olvas, mond'') select back vowel suffixes (''-ok, -unk''), while verb stems with [[front vowel]]s select front vowels. This variation is due to a rule of [[vowel harmony]]. Second, if a consonant cluster of three members arises this is split up by an [[epenthetic vowel]]. Third, in the 2sg. form a stem ending in a [[sibilant]] takes the suffix ''-ol/-el'', while other stems take ''-sz'' (or a variant). | ||
Latest revision as of 16:44, 6 October 2007
In morphology, a macroparadigm is a notion which is introduced in Carstairs (1987) to refer to a collection of paradigms which are distinct in phonologically, morphosyntactically or semantically predictable ways.
Example
Compare the following three Hungarian verbal paradigms:
stem olvas 'read' ül 'sit' mond 'say'
1 sg. olvas-ok ül-ök mond-ok
2 sg. olvas-ol ül-sz mond-asz
3 sg. olvas ül mond
1 pl. olvas-unk ül-ünk mond-unk
2 pl. olvas-tok ül-tök mond-otok
3 pl. olvas-nak ül-nek mond-anak
('s' = [s], 'sz' = [s])
Carstairs assumes that these three verbs belong to the same macroparadigm, since the variation is fully predictable. First, stems with back vowels (olvas, mond) select back vowel suffixes (-ok, -unk), while verb stems with front vowels select front vowels. This variation is due to a rule of vowel harmony. Second, if a consonant cluster of three members arises this is split up by an epenthetic vowel. Third, in the 2sg. form a stem ending in a sibilant takes the suffix -ol/-el, while other stems take -sz (or a variant).
Link
Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics
References
- Carstairs, Andrew. 1987. Allomorphy in inflexion. Beckenham: Croom Helm.
- Spencer, Andrew. 1991. Morphological Theory. Oxford:Blackwell.
Other languages
German Makroparadigma
